Transcript of Generative Art – https://prezi.com/zaclhmpn6vtz/generative-art/
By: Caylee Kalisky
What is Generative Art?
“Generative art refers to any art practice where the artist uses a system, such as a set of natural language rules, a computer program, a machine, or other procedural invention, which is set into motion with some degree of autonomy contributing to or resulting in a completed work of art.”
In other words, Generative art is art that is made with an autonomous system, either in parts or in whole.
An autonomous system in this context is generally one that is non-human and can independently determine features of an artwork that would otherwise require decisions made directly by the artist.
Tells us how the art is created
Detailed Explanation
“Generative Art” can refer to computer generated artwork that is algorithmically determined
Not restricted to only computers
Artworks that changed over time (screen-savers being much-derided examples), or that respond to input from a gallery visitor
Generative approach can be used in order to create 2D and 3D works of art
Generative art can also be created through biology, chemistry
2D Visual Art
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Picture a canvas, with a paintbrush and pencil. This is something that one would usually think of when they consider the word “art”
Generative art: Instead of painting and drawing , you are drawing lines with code, and creating algorithms and codes to make shapes and colors within the canvas
Don’t always know 100% what the outcome will be
This allows for each outcome to be unique and exciting
They create a system with their art, and let it “grow” and evolve over time
Emergence and Generative Art
“A concept underlying much generative art, is that of emergence. Broadly speaking, a system exhibits emergent behavior if something “extra” occurs; in some sense more comes out of it than was put in”
More than what the artists put into the system will come out, and this is when emergence occurs
One of the motivations for generative art, is the hopes that something unseen and exciting will occur.
Computers or Not?
Even though computers dominate generative art, one cannot assume that all generative art is done with computers or machines.
Wind chimes in Japanese gardens
Examples: Non Computer
John Cage:
I Ching- Music of changes
Alexander Calder:
Wind
Haacke:
Condesnation cube
Gay Chapman
Weeds in her paintings
Examples of Generative Art
MUSIC:
Johann Philipp Kirnberger’s Musical Dice Game is based on randomness by using dice to select certain parts of music from a pool of already existing musical phrases or lines.
Consists of order and disorder
Visual Art:
The artist Ellsworth Kelly created paintings by using chance operations to assign colors in a grid. He also created works on paper that he then cut into strips or squares and reassembled using chance operations to determine placement.
Literature:
William Burroughs used the cut-up technique to introduce randomization to literature as a generative system;
Computer based Architecture:
Celestino Soddu created a set of conditions where a random computer process could be set in motion to create a model of an Italian Medieval town.
Top Down approach
Galanter
The top down approach is more philosophical
Art: Unclear set theory, which is often recognized as a social and historical notion that changes over time.
Generative: subset of art, a subset where potentially multiple results can be produced by using some kind of generating system.
Phillip Galanter defines generative art as any art practice where the artist uses a system, which is set into motion with some degree of autonomy
Art classified toward the order end of the spectrum possess a clear structure for example symmetry and tiling
Tiling patterns and textile patterns based on symmetry and algorithm
some may say that ordered generative art is unsophisticated
Art classified toward the disorder end do not have any structure at both local and global levels for example randomness
An example would be Mozart and his dice throw musical compositions
Order Vs Disorder
Algorithm Art
The dictionary defines “algorithm” as: “A process, or set of rules, usually one expressed in algebraic notation, now used esp. in computing, machine translation and linguistics.”
The algorithm should precise and concise, keeping the process or code in computer case clean and specified
Algorithmic art is produced by an algorithm that is the artists own, and when that is carried out, the result is a piece of artwork
San Base- Dynamic Painting
An example of a non computer generated algorithm is a recipe
Ordered and Disordered
Ordered: Chaotic
Nothing less than abstract systems to decorate
Some may say that highly ordered generative art is unsophisticated because it is highly ordered and simple
Cause and effect
Tiling Example
Disordered: Random
The elements of the art piece are the way that they are due to chance methods
There is no specific reason behind the work besides not knowing what will occur and what the final result will be
All outcomes are possible
Mozart Example
Sources
Romero, Juan. “The Art of Artificial Evolution: A Handbook on Evolutionary Art and Music.” Google Books. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Nov. 2013. <http://books.google.ca/books?id=ypdCBD6JrAsC>.
Monro, Gordon. “THE CONCEPT OF EMERGENCE IN GENERATIVE ART.” Google Books. Sydney Conservatorium of Music, n.d. Web. 20 Nov. 2013. <http://www.gommog.com/archive/docs/MMus_Essay.pdf>.
Galanter, Philip. “What Is Generative Art? Complexity Theory as a Context for Art Theory.” Google Books. Interactive Telecommunications Program, New York University,, n.d. Web. 20 Nov. 2013. <http://books.google.ca/books?id=ypdCBD6JrAsC>.
“Losing Control: Generative Art and the Art of Letting Go.” The Creators Project. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Nov. 2013. <http://thecreatorsproject.vice.com/blog/losing-control-generative-art-and-the-art-of-letting-go>.
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